Fingerprinting attacks are one of the most severe threats to the security of networks. Fingerprinting attack aims to obtain the\noperating system information of target hosts to make preparations for future attacks. In this paper, a fingerprint hopping method\n(FPH) is proposed based on software-defined networks to defend against fingerprinting attacks. FPH introduces the idea ofmoving\ntarget defense to show a hopping fingerprint toward the fingerprinting attackers. The interaction of the fingerprinting attack and\nits defense is modeled as a signal game, and the equilibriums of the game are analyzed to develop an optimal defense strategy.\nExperiments show that FPH can resist fingerprinting attacks effectively.
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